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WORKSHOP REPORTS: Women’s Rights
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Breaking Barriers to Women’s Political Participation: Creating an Action Agenda to Advance Women’s Leadership
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Organizers:
National Democratic Institute for International Affairs – USA
Center for Asia Pacific Women in Politics – Philippines
Forum for Women and Democracy – Uganda
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Moderator:
Pat Keefer – USA
Rapporteur:
Kristin Haffert – USA |
Presenters:
Loudres Flores Nano – Peru
Supatra Masdit – Thailand
Ann Linde – Sweden
Winnei Byanyima – Uganda
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This workshop provided a forum to engage political parties in dialogue on advancing women’s political participation. Political parties and NGO leaders and activists provided a comparative view of tools and experiences that have helped women to succeed within their parties.
Ann Linde of the Swedish Social Democratic Party opened the workshop by addressing the “hidden barriers” to women’s participation, which include making women feel invisible; making women look ridiculous; withholding information from women; burdening women with guilt and shame and the “double burden” they face when they have to choose between family and work.
The workshop also examined the “Global Action Plan” created at the “Win with Women: Strengthen Political Parties Global Forum” in December 2003. The workshop participants unanimously endorsed the Action Plan as a tool that can be used by political parties to reform, renew, and modernize themselves by expanding leadership opportunities for women. Based on the presentations, the general discussion, and a group session, participants built on the action items in the Action Plan by developing additional recommendations that NGOs, political party activists, and leaders can actively promote.
Challenges:
Participants discussed a series of barriers to women’s participation including:
- Their lack of education and confidence;
- Illiteracy and poverty;
- Rivalry among women;
- Economic constraints;
- Misrepresentation of religion; and
- Other social and traditional constraints.
Participants highlighted the critical need for support from political parties, which is the gateway to political office and a necessary mechanism to promote women’s leadership.
Recommendations:
- Place women in winnable positions on party lists, and consider internal party measures to increase women’s participation at all levels of the party. This includes addressing gender equality in party manifestos.
- Support public financing of political parties in an effort to increase internal party democracy.
- Encourage women to work across party lines to advocate for political participation and create networks that will increase leadership opportunities.
- Create strategic plans to actively recruit, train, and support women candidates beginning well in advance of elections.
- Encourage NGOs to take responsibility for cooperating with political parties and for applying pressure, lobbying, training, and monitoring.
- Encourage women to participate in “transformative” leadership training that focuses on political change and builds their long-term capacity and strategy for change. Women should carry a message that will empower them to become strong political leaders rather than be viewed as new entrants to the political process who can easily become co-opted and exploited by parties as a result of their lack of experience.
- Encourage political will at the top levels of political parties.
- Conduct gender awareness training for men and women political party members; encourage political parties to become more inclusive organizations which take advantage of women’s participation to gain a competitive edge.
- Identify men within political parties who support women and reward them with increased media attention on the issue of partnership with women.
- Employ mechanisms to follow up on programs within parties or government that address gender equality.
- Encourage women to use social and private networks in more strategic ways to promote and support women’s participation in politics.
- Support women’s access to media.
- Address the issue of domestic violence as a deterrent to women’s participation in the public arena.
- Encourage successful women politicians to provide mentorship.
- Promote exchanges among male and female political leaders and activists from countries that share a common religion but have different political cultures, to demonstrate how women have overcome religious barriers to participation.
- Address the negative portrayal of women in the media by training media representatives in gender sensitization.
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Citizen’s Forums: How Women’s Organizations Work with the Community and Across Borders
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Organizer:
South Caucasian Network of Women |
Moderators:
Irena Lasota – Poland/USA
Julia Kharashvili – Georgia
Rapporteur:
Julia Kharashvili – Georgia |
Presenters:
Anahit Bayandour – Armenia
Novella Jafarova – Azerbaijan
Muborak Tashpoulatova – Uzbekistan
Dilara Seitveli – Ukraine
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The South Caucasian Women’s Network, organizer of the workshop, unites civic activists—women and men from communities and NGOs in Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia—who identify and solve the most common problems in the Caucasus region.
About the South Caucasian Women’s Network:
- The Network provides education in leadership, voluntarism, advocacy, and democracy building for those from disadvantaged communities, including refugees, rural communities, and ethnic minorities, who should come together to organize cooperation for protection of their rights.
- People are united regardless of their differences. Women from communities confronting each other (e.g., Armenians and Azeri) begin to communicate and work together through joint participation in educational seminars and through cross-border projects. For example, Georgian women played the role of mediators and assisted in creating an atmosphere of cooperation.
- The Network advocates for discussion of the most urgent challenges and experiences of post-communist societies, including democracy building and post-conflict reconciliation at the community level.
- The Network prepares multicultural teams of trainers working across borders, and involves of activists and trainers from different countries who introduce tolerance and share experiences to enrich the practical work of Network members.
- Over the years, the Network has published a bulletin, “Working Together in Caucasus” that reflects successful practices and lessons learned from different women’s groups and organizations.
- Together with the colleagues from Guinea, the Crimea, Ukraine and the USA, the Network created new forms of public dialogue and citizen forums at which the most challenging problems of participation for the community were identified and solved through discussion among NGOs, government, mass media, business, youth, etc.
- Citizen forums empower ordinary citizens, especially women, to organize direct dialogue with official powers and involve the population and marginalized groups in decision-making processes.
Challenges:
- How to promote women’s participation in the processes of development, conflict resolution, post-conflict rehabilitation, and politics?
- How to encourage women, who succeed in being elected, to pay attention to women’s needs and women’s issues?
- How to gain support for women’s movements and make them visible?
- How women should unite to achieve these goals?
Recommendations:
Promoting Women’s Participation
- The promotion of women’s participation is possible through the use of special women’s quotas in parliament and municipalities, as well as during the preparatory stage for elections during which political parties should be encouraged to include women in their lists.
- Women are often “used” during elections by men, but after achieving success their needs and problems are usually forgotten. Peace, poverty eradication, development, and leadership training are key issues on which women’s participation is necessary. Women who are fighting for power thus need to know how to fight and how to maintain relations with the community and voters.
- Use all leverages that exist in international organizations to achieve women’s aims.
- Create, support, and expand programs on women’s leadership.
- Train both women and men.
- Prepare teams of women leaders to work together to achieve success.
- Promote self-esteem among disadvantaged women through their inclusion in social and civil actions, forums, education, and training.
- Study women’s participation in development processes.
- Develop programs for poverty reduction at the national and local levels.
- Address the “feminization” of poverty.
- Address violence against women.
- Through civic education teach women how to participate in elections and how to prepare themselves for political careers.
- Women should have the opportunity to be involved in political parties.
How women should unite to achieve these goals:
- Connections with mass-media are vital.·
- Create international groups to organize dialogues among women on difficult economic issues and dilemmas (e.g., how to establish prices on production on the basis of direct negotiations).
- Create virtual space for discussion of the most urgent problems for women and to share experiences. Where the Internet is not accessible, information should be disseminated through brochures, bulletins and publications.
- Collect and publish existing materials on women’s leadership.
- Exchange existing materials, information, and databases.
- Create of Web page on the World Movement Web site devoted to women’s issues.
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Networking Activists for Women’s Rights
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Organizer:
Women’s Learning Partnership for Rights, Development, and Peace (WLP) – USA |
Moderator:
Rakhee Goyal – India (USA-based)
Rapporteur:
Rakhee Goyal – India (USA-based) |
Presenters:
Amina Lemrini – Morocco
Marfua Tokhtakhodjaeva – Uzbekistan
Sindi Medar-Gould – Nigeria
Zainab Bangura – Sierra Leone
Rakhee Goyal – India (USA-based)
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Participants in this workshop explored the added value and viability of creating an international women’s network to support women’s agency in democracy work. Discussion focused on identifying existing international or regional networks that could grow into or strengthen the women’s network; exchanging ideas about the objectives, potential resources, and activities of the network; and identifying its members, structure, and initial steps.
After brief opening presentations describing existing models of networks among nongovernmental and civil society organizations, and the extent to which the nature of their work provides a framework for a women’s democracy network, participants unanimously accepted the following framework:
International Women’s Democracy Network
Objective:
To support and enhance women’s roles and agency in the development of democratic practices and institutions at the community, national, and international levels. The network would help achieve:
- Exchange of experiences, sharing of best practices, and training in democracy work;
- Support for advocacy campaigns initiated by members at the local, national, and international levels;
- Building solidarity among, and support for, individuals and organizations engaged in democracy activism; and
- Interaction and communication among and between various transnational networks, including those working on women’s rights, human rights, peace, and environmental issues.
Membership and Structure:
- Individuals and organizations committed to the network’s objectives.
- A secretariat housed at an existing network with a substantial trans-regional membership. Participants indicated that the Women’s Learning Partnership (WLP) should serve as the secretariat.
- Regional focal points in Africa, the Americas, Asia, Europe, Latin America, and the Middle East.
Priority Areas of Interest:
Ensuring the ways and means for women’s full participation in such areas as human rights, violence, peace and conflict resolution, governance, legislative change, elections and political processes, creating and sustaining unions and political parties, institutional transformation, transparency and accountability, rule of law, business, journalism, communications media, and research.
Potential Activities of the network:
- Create an Online Resource Center that presents information and knowledge on the priority areas of the network.
- Support and assist democracy workers in countries in which political systems are undergoing transitions to democracy.
- Develop strategies for democracy activism in closed societies drawing upon the experiences of network members who have participated in similar efforts (for example, in NIS countries or South Africa).
- Strengthen emerging democracies through exchanges of experiences and training.
- Support efforts in established democracies on behalf of under-privileged and under-represented groups, such as women and minorities.
Following the Assembly, the Women’s Learning Partnership (WLP) initiated several consultations and discussions at various international gatherings, including a meeting of the Association for Women’s Rights and a meeting of Arab civil society organizations at the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (UN ESCWA), to engage a wider group of women activists in the Women’s Democracy Network and to confer on practical and innovative strategies to expand its impact. The ideas and suggestions from these gatherings were to be shared at a meeting of women activists from Africa, Asia, and the Middle East in Beirut in September 2004. An e-mail listserv is also being created to enable members of the network to engage in ongoing discussion. Over the next year, WLP plans to make the network operational and to begin implementing projects identified through the consultation process.
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